Intelligence Quotient, abbreviated as IQ, is often viewed as a defining number. People often talk about very high, superior, or genius IQ scores. So, are people with a “140 IQ score” or even higher, aka those in the Genius IQ bracket, so much better off than ones in lower IQ classification, like “High IQ” and “Average IQ”? Explore important details about different IQ Score Ranges and what an IQ score really means in this blog post.
Simply put, IQ score range refers to a numerical range that represents a person’s performance on an IQ test. The higher the score range, the better their performance and cognitive abilities. Of which, the most common score ranges are 90-109, 110-119, and 80-89.
It’s not worth noting that score ranges and IQ classification are not the very same thing. IQ Classification takes these numerical ranges and assigns them descriptive categories. To illustrate, someone with an IQ score of 90-109 is often classified as “average.”
These classifications provide a general framework for understanding IQ scores, though individuals’ capabilities and potential vary beyond the numeric score. Following are the details about different score ranges and their classification.
Before diving deep into different IQ scoring ranges, it’s essential to clarify: What is the average IQ score? Most standardized Intelligence Quotient tests are always set at 100 (the average score). And since around two-thirds of IQ scores are within a standard deviation of 15, the majority of people have scored between 85 and 115.
Here’s the breakdown of IQ score ranges following the WAIS-IV (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Fourth Edition), which, as per Business Insider, is considered the gold standard for measuring intelligence:
IQ Range | Interpretation of IQ score (IQ Classification) |
130 and higher | Very Superior |
120 to 129 | Superior |
110 to 119 | High Average |
90 to 109 | Average |
80 to 89 | Low Average |
70 to 79 | Borderline |
69 and below | Extremely Low |
In addition to WAIS-IV, there are various IQ classification systems, including WISC-V, SB5 (Stanford-Binet Fifth Edition), and more, each featuring different IQ ranges. Still, many of these systems share the same scores for average range, typically between 90 and 109 (or 110).
IQ scores are typically distributed in a bell curve (like shown in the graph below), also known as a normal distribution. Scores between 85 and 115 encompass around 68% of people, making this range “normal” or average. Approximately 95% of the population score within 70-130. Those scoring significantly above or below this average stand out as “gifted” or requiring special support.
Generally speaking, the IQ score is a measure of a person's intelligence based on their test performance in different areas, such as:
The score is a measure of how you compare in your peer group. A high IQ score may indicate that your reasoning & problem-solving abilities are better than average. It may also signal intellectual potential.
However, the IQ score itself does not tell the whole story. It’s not a definitive indicator of someone’s worth or potential; instead, it is just a piece of the puzzle. While the IQ score can shed light on someone’s ability to think critically or solve problems, it doesn’t capture qualities like creativity, emotional intelligence, or practical skills as well as the entirety of your mental abilities. That is why testing practical, conceptual, social skills, and more is also needed to determine someone’s potential.
According to MedicineNet, different factors can affect an individual’s IQ, including educational background, genetics, brain anatomy, environment, and cultural practices and beliefs.
Obviously, age influences someone’s IQ, as it increases with age and then decreases in old age. Health conditions, including physical and mental health, can also affect the outcome. For example, if you were unwell or tired during your first test, you might perform slightly better on a subsequent attempt.
Recognizing these factors is essential in interpreting IQ scores accurately and fairly.
Improving IQ scores may not be as straightforward as boosting skills in a particular subject, especially as they are generally considered stable across the lifespan. However, the good news is that it’s possible to increase your IQ score. Some scientific evidence suggests that it might be possible to boost your IQ score by a few points. You can likely enhance your focus, memory, or other skills. Additionally, a study about “Verbal and non-verbal intelligence changes in the teenage brain” published in 2011 indicates that intellectual capacity can fluctuate (increase or decrease) during the teenage years.
Currently, there is no conclusive evidence that cognitive training helps increase overall intelligence. However, lifelong learning is both possible and beneficial. Curiosity and openness to new information are keys to effective learning. With these, you can improve your ability to research, enrich your imagination, grasp new concepts, concentrate, remember details, and more.
Reading, whether fiction or nonfiction, is also a great way to enhance your abilities in these areas. Additionally, activities like engaging in group discussions, playing music, or solving puzzles can be helpful, too.
Additionally, “motivation, opportunity, and access to resources matter more than a few points on an IQ test. Find out what you're good at, devote yourself to getting better at it, and do the best work you can, and no one will ever wonder what your IQ score is,” says Louis Matzel, PhD, professor of psychology at Rutgers University-New Brunswick.
Not necessarily. While a high IQ may help in academics or analytical tasks, other skills—like emotional intelligence and creativity—are also key to personal and professional success.
Yes, there are various IQ tests, like the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), and many others, each with different formats, focuses, and scoring systems.
IQ (Intelligence Quotient) and EQ (Emotional Quotient) do not measure the same thing. IQ measures cognitive abilities, and EQ, on the other hand, measures one’s ability to manage emotions and empathize with others. Both are valuable in their own ways.
Any IQ score between 110 and 119 is considered high average, while scores above this range are considered superior and very superior, according to WAIS-IV.
However, it’s vital to remember that Intelligence Quotient is only one measure of intelligence and doesn't necessarily reflect potential, chances for success, or the full range of abilities of a person. Social-emotional intelligence and other factors really matter, too.
Albert Einstein didn't take any IQ tests, so his exact score is unknown. However, experts estimate his IQ to be between 160 and 180 based on his intellectual achievements and contributions to science.
An IQ of 72, according to WAIS-IV, is considered in the "borderline" range. While it is below the average range, it does not define one's overall abilities or potential. A person with an IQ on the lower side can still attain success in life.
An IQ of 92 falls within the "average" range, slightly below the midpoint of 100. It indicates that a person has cognitive abilities comparable to most people. While it might not be considered "high," it is certainly not bad and reflects normal intellectual functioning.
In short, understanding IQ scores and IQ ranges can offer great insights into cognitive abilities and potential. However, again, it's essential to remember that the Intelligence Quotient is just one measure of intelligence and does not encompass every aspect of a person's capabilities as well as does not need to define who you are.
